IRRIGATION HANDBOOK

1. Farm resource inventory 1.1 Map sources 1.2 Length & area units 1.3 Acreage computations 1.4 Mapping procedure 1.5 Taking elevations 1.6 Soils inventory 1.7 Water intake rate 1.8 Water resources inventory 1.9 Units of water measure 1.10 Measurement of water 1.10.1 Stream or ditch 1.10.2 Farm ditch capacities 1.10.3 Weir 1.10.4 Pipe orifice 1.10.5 Flow meter 1.10.6 Pipe discharge 1.10.7 Parshall flume 1.11 Irrigation water quality 1.12 Important other factors in farm resource inventory 1.13 Pipe corrosion 1.14 Water & soil sampling 2. Soil - moisture factors 2.1 Basic soil - moisture relations 2.2 Effective soil - moisture reservoir 2.3 Sprinkler application efficiencies 2.4 Variable soil profiles 2.5 Correction for salinity 2.6 Field moisture control methods 2.6.1 "Feel" method 2.6.2 Tensiometer 2.6.3 Resistance block 3. Crop requirements 3.1 Introduction - Rooting habits, special moisture control, optimum yields & irrigation scheduling is treated separately for each crop 3.2 Procedure for determining peak and seasonal crop requirements 3.3 irrigation of crops 3.3.1 Alfalfa 3.3.2 Corn 3.3.3 Sugar beets 3.3.4 Small grain 3.3.5 Potatoes 3.3.6 Cotton 3.3.7 Pasture 3.3.8 Peas (canning) 3.3.9 Sorghum 4. System capacity requirements 4.1 Use of profit planning data sheets 4.2 Gross amount and irrigation frequency computations 4.3 System capacity computations 4.4 Variable peak use periods 4.5 System capacity tables 4.6 Use of seasonal distribution sheet 5. Sprinkler and spacing selection 5.1 General information 5.2 Riser heights 5.3 Wind direction 5.4 Angle of wind with respect to lateral lines 5.5 Pressure nozzle relations 5.6 Spray loss computations 5.7 Weather Factors and sprinkler efficiency 5.8 Coefficient of uniformity & spacing efficiency 5.9 Sprinkler pattern profiles 5.10 Effect of wind, spacing & nozzle pressure on coefficient of uniformity 5.11 Sprinkler selection table 5.12 Offsetting laterals (or alternate sets) 5.13 Application rate selection 5.14 Water application rate tables 5.15 Classification of sprinklers 5.16 Water application efficiency 5.17 Use of pre-engineered laterals 5.18 Special system and design considerations 5.19 General guide to sprinkler selection 5.20 Pre-engineered lateral tables 5.21 Perf-o-rain design and laterals 6. Irrigation system layout 6.1 Sprinkler system layouts 6.2 Use of profit planning data form 6.3 Perf-o-rain system layout 6.4 Gated pipe furrow systems layout and design 6.4.1 Basic element 6.4.2 Intake rate 6.4.3 Furrow stream size 6.4.4 Furrow lengths 6.4.5 Optimum furrow or corrugation spacing 6.4.6 Use of profit planning data form 6.4.7 System capacity 6.4.8 Procedure for system design 6.4.9 Gated pipe system layouts 7. Piping system design (Hydraulics) 7.1 Hydraulic principles of piping system 7.2 Minor (fitting) losses 7.3 Lateral line design computation 7.4 Uphill & downhill laterals and flow control valves 7.5 Hydraulics of main lines 7.6 Use of profit planning form for main line design 7.7 Water hammer or surge 7.8 Air inlet valves 7.9 Computing diameter for air-inlet valves 7.10 Determination of P1/P2 ratio for Ames lo-hi pipe 7.11 Lo-hi pipe capacities for various hydraulic gradients 7.12 Air outlet valves 7.13 Pipeline friction loss 7.13.1 Lines with multiple outlets 7.13.2 Aluminium without Ames couplers 7.13.3 Lo-hi pipe with couplers 7.13.4 Welded steel 7.13.5 Concrete 7.13.6 Standard pipe 7.13.7 Hose 8. Profit planning factors 8.1 Fixed costs 8.2 Labour costs 8.3 Power costs 8.4 Annual fixed cost difference for pipe size comparison 8.5 Average total power cost tables 8.5.1 Propane - Butane 8.5.2 Gasoline 8.5.3 Diesel 8.5.4 Natural gas 8.5.5 Electric

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