TRAINING IN ORGANIZATIONS: NEEDS ASSESSMENT, DEVELOPMENT, AND EVALUATION

Part 1: Needs assessment and learning environment. 1. Introduction. 1.1 Scope of the instructional process. 1.2 The training struggle. 1.3 The future of instructional program's 1.4 Training as a subsystem 2. A systematic approach to training. 2.1 Instructional technology. 2.2 Assessment phase. 2.3 Training development phase. 2.4 Evaluation phase. 3. The needs assessment phase. 3.1 Organizational analysis. 3.2 Task and knowledge skill and ability analysis. 3.3 Person analysis. 3.4 Gathering job information. 3.5 Examples of need assessment techniques. 3.6 Derivation of objectives. 3.7 Concluding statement. 4. The learning environment. 4.1 Learning and instruction.4.2 The instructional environment.4.3 Conditions of learning. 4.4 The conditions of transfer. 4.5 The basic transfer design. 4.6 The instructional environment. Part 2: Evaluation. 5. The criterion choices: Introduction to evaluation. 5.1 Introduction to criterion development. 5.2 The evaluation of criteria. 5.3 The many dimensions of criteria. 5.4 Types of criteria. 5.5 conclusions. 6. Evaluation procedures. 6.1 Views of the evaluation process. 6.2 Methodological considerations in the use of experimental designs. 6.3 Internal and external validity. 6.4 Experimental design. 6.5 Utility considerations. 6.6 Other methods of evaluation. 6.7 From need assessments to training validity: some concluding words. Part 3: Instructional approaches. 7. A variety of instructional techniques 7.1 Control procedures-on the job training and the lecture method. 7.2 Programmed instruction. 7.3 Computer assisted instruction. 7.4 Audiovisual techniques. 7.5 Machine simulators. 7.6 Behavior modification. 8. Training techniques emphasizing managerial and interpersonal skills. 8.1 Simulations. 8.2 Laboratory training. 8.3 Achievement motivation training. 8.4 Leader match. 8.5 Rater training. 9. Special approaches to training issues. 9.1 Individual differences instructional approaches. 9.2 Training and learning performances as a predictor. 9.3 Training and fair employment practices. 9.4 Training for the hard-core unemployed. 9.5 Training for second careers. 9.6 Organizational entry, training and socialization.

ENG